Noticing that your gums look swollen, puffy, or red can be unsettling—especially if they feel tender or bleed when you brush. While gum swelling isn’t something to ignore, it’s not always a cause for panic either. Gums can become inflamed for a range of reasons, some minor and temporary, others more serious. Understanding what’s behind the swelling can help you decide what to do next.
Common Causes of Swollen Gums
One of the most common reasons for swollen gums is plaque buildup along the gumline. When plaque isn’t removed through regular brushing and flossing, it can irritate the gums and lead to inflammation. This early stage of gum disease, known as gingivitis, often causes redness, puffiness, and bleeding.
Hormonal changes can also play a role. Pregnancy, puberty, and even certain medications can make gums more sensitive and prone to swelling. In other cases, gum irritation may be linked to brushing too hard, using a toothbrush with stiff bristles, or having food stuck between the teeth.
Swollen gums may also occur when the body is fighting off an infection or responding to an injury inside the mouth.
When Swollen Gums Are a Bigger Concern
While mild swelling can sometimes resolve on its own, persistent or worsening symptoms may point to a more serious issue. If swollen gums are accompanied by pain, bad breath that won’t go away, gum recession, or loose teeth, it could be a sign of gum disease progressing beyond gingivitis.
Advanced gum disease can damage the tissues and bone that support your teeth, making early intervention especially important. Swelling that lasts longer than a week, spreads, or comes with fever should always be evaluated by a dental professional.
What You Can Try at Home
For mild gum swelling, improving your daily oral care routine can make a big difference. Brushing gently twice a day, flossing daily, and rinsing with warm salt water may help reduce inflammation and remove irritants.
Pay attention to any changes in your routine, such as new oral care products or medications, that could be contributing to gum sensitivity. Staying hydrated and maintaining a balanced diet also supports gum health.
That said, home care should never replace professional treatment when symptoms persist or worsen.
When to See Your Dentist
If swollen gums don’t improve after a few days of good oral hygiene, or if they keep coming back, it’s time to schedule a dental visit. Your dentist can identify the underlying cause, rule out gum disease, and recommend appropriate treatment to protect your oral health.
Early care not only helps relieve discomfort but can also prevent long-term damage to your gums and teeth. Listening to your gums now can save you from bigger problems later.
About the Practice
Dr. Moulton and Dr. Gunn serve the Birmingham community, providing comprehensive dental care with a strong focus on preventive and periodontal health. The Moulton Dental team offers personalized evaluations and treatment options for gum disease to catch concerns early and maintain optimal oral health and wellness.
Call us at (205) 988-3360 or request an appointment online.